Contraception and unexplained abdominal pain.
نویسندگان
چکیده
OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that hospital referral for unexplained abdominal pain might occur less frequently in oral contraceptive (OC) users and more frequently in intrauterine device (IUD) users than in other women. DESIGN Prospective cohort study of 17 032 women using different methods of contraception [the Oxford-Family Planning Association (FPA) contraceptive study]. OUTCOME MEASURE Referral to hospital for unexplained abdominal pain (including pelvic pain) coded to ICD rubric 785.5 in the 8th Revision of the ICD. RESULTS Referral was decreased by 13% (95% CI 0%-25%) in current or recent users of OCs in comparison with non-users, a difference that just reached statistical significance. No significant difference was found in the corresponding analysis for IUD users. Past users of OCs had much the same risk of referral as non-users, but the risk of referral in past users of an IUD was increased at all intervals examined, varying from 17% (95% CI -14%-55%) 13-24 months after discontinuation to 56% (95% CI 15%-107%) 73-96 months after discontinuation. Referral was 29% (95% CI 11%-50%) higher in smokers of 15 or more cigarettes a day than in non-smokers. CONCLUSION Referral to hospital for unexplained abdominal pain may be slightly reduced in current or recent OC users and moderately increased in past IUD users. The types of IUD used most commonly in the Oxford-FPA study are, however, no longer in current use today. Hospital referral for unexplained abdominal pain seems to be moderately increased in heavy cigarette smokers.
منابع مشابه
Complications of Subcutaneous Contraception: A Review
Over 62 million women in the United States are of childbearing age and 60% of them use contraception. Subcutaneous contraceptives include implantable contraceptives and subcutaneous injections. Implantable contraception involves subdermal time-release of synthetic progestin, which allows for several years of continuous, highly effective contraception. Its main effects are inhibition of ovulatio...
متن کاملMedically unexplained symptoms in frequent attenders of secondary health care: retrospective cohort study.
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of medically unexplained symptoms in patients who most frequently attend outpatient services. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study over three years with review of case notes. SETTING Secondary care services in the South Thames (West) NHS region. PARTICIPANTS Outpatient attenders with new appointments in 1993. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Number of outpatient a...
متن کاملNon-gynecologic causes of unexplained lower abdominal pain in adolescent girls: two clinical cases and review of the literature.
Unexplained lower abdominal pain in adolescent girls is a common complaint that can pose a challenge for even the most experienced physicians. It is also one of the most frequent conditions prompting a referral to a specialist. The differential diagnosis is lengthy, and the cost of an extensive laboratory evaluation is high. In many cases the pain resolves spontaneously and no cause is found. H...
متن کاملPregnancy-preserving myomectomy: preliminary report on a new surgical technique.
Uterine myomas are found in 0.3-2.6% of pregnant women. In one case out of ten they cause complications. Treatment is primarily conservative but in cases of failure, surgery cannot be avoided. We present a case of a pregnant woman with myomas. Because of failure of conservative management and severe abdominal pain, we performed a myomectomy at 18 weeks' gestation with preservation of the pregna...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- The journal of family planning and reproductive health care
دوره 28 1 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2002